Doctoral Candidacy ExamArea: Research Table of Specifications |
||
TOPIC AREA
|
Number of Questions |
|
Research |
|
|
|
|
General: Specific & Types |
2 |
Evaluation |
|
|
|
|
Educational Evaluation |
4 |
Measurement |
|
|
|
|
General, Scales, Approaches |
2 |
|
|
Reliability: Over time, items & people |
2 |
|
|
Validity |
1 |
Statistics |
|
|
|
|
General, Frequency: Distribution/Table |
3 |
|
|
Central Tendency: Mode, Median, and Mean |
2 |
|
|
Dispersion: Standard Deviation-Variance |
1 |
|
|
Transformations: z-score, percentile, Stanine, Normal |
4 |
|
|
Correlation: Assumptions, Types, Plot, -1.0<=r <=+1.0, r-square, Association vs. Cause-and-Effect Simple Linear Regression: Y = a + bX |
2 |
|
|
t-value: Independent and Dependent, ANOVA (F-value) & Post-Hoc Procedures |
5 |
|
|
Chi Square & Spearman’s Rho |
1 |
|
Inference: Hypothesis Testing |
|
|
|
|
Classical Procedure: Null Hypothesis Alternate Hypothesis, 1 or 2 tailed, Significance Level (Alpha), Calculated Value & Degrees of Freedom, Type I & II Errors |
7 |
|
Designs |
|
|
|
|
Factorial, Block & Descriptive |
2 |
|
|
Pre-, True-, & Quasi-experimental |
2 |
|
Randomness |
|
|
|
|
Selection of Subjects & of Treatments Assignment of Subjects to Treatments |
1 |
|
Sampling |
|
|
|
|
Sample vs. Population & Stratified Proportional Random |
1 |
|
Research Threats |
|
|
|
|
Internal Threats to Cause and Effect |
4 |
|
|
External Threats to Generalizability |
4 |
REFERENCES
Borg, W. R. (1981). Applying educational research: A practical guide for teachers (2nd ed.). New York, NY: Longman Inc. ISBN: 0-582-28673-5 [B1028.B6 1989]
Borg, W. R., & Gall, M. D. (1989). Educational research: An introduction (5th ed.). New York, NY: Longman. ISBN: 0-801-0334-6 [LB1028.B6 1989]
Drew, C. J., & Hardman, M. L. (1985). Designing and conducting behavioral research (2nd ed.). New York, NY: Pergamon Press. [BF76.5.D68 1985]
Gall, J. P., Gall, M. D., & Borg, W. R. (1999). Applying Educational Research: A practical guide (4th ed.). New York, NY: Longman. ISBN: 0-8013-1950-1
[LB1028.B59 1999]
Gay, L. R., & Airasian, P. (2000). Educational research: Competencies for analysis and application (6th ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Merrill. ISBN: 0-13-096103-5
Huck, S. W.,& Cormier, W. H. (1996). Reading statistics and research (2nd ed.). New York, NY: HarperCollins Publishers. ISBN: 0-06-500606-2 [QA276.H788 1996]
Johnson, B., & Christensen, L. (2000). Educational research: Quantitative and qualitative approaches. Boston, MA: Allyn & Bacon. ISBN: 0-205-26659-2
[LB1028.J59 2000]
Kerlinger, F. N. (1984). Foundations of behavioral research (2nd ed.). New York, NY: Holt, Rinehart & Winston. ISBN: 03-08546-8 [BF76.5K4 2000]
McMillan, J. H. (2000). Educational research: Fundamentals for the consumer (3rd ed.). New York, NY: Longman. ISBN: 0-321-02337-4
McMillan, J. H., & Schumacker, S. (1997). Research in education: A conceptual introduction (4th ed.). New York, NY: Longman. ISBN: 0-321-02337-4
[LB1028.M365 1997]
Moore, G. W. (1983). Developing and evaluating educational research. Boston, MA: Little, Brown, and Company. ISBN: 0-316-57959-9 [LB1028.M643 1983]
Rosnow, R. L., & Rosenthal, R. (1984). Understanding behavioral science: Research methods for research consumers. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill Book Co. ISBN: 0-07-053809-3 [BF76.5.R65 1984]
Tuckman, B. W. (1988). Conducting educational research (3rd ed.). San Diego, CA: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich. ISBN: 0-15-512982-1 [LB1028.T8 1988]
Wiersma, W. (1986). Research methods in education: An introduction (4th ed.). Boston, MA: Allyn and Bacon, Inc. ISBN: 0-205-08747-7 [LB1028.W517 1986]
Williamson, J. B., Karp, D. A., Dalphin, J. R., & Gray, P. S. (1982). The research craft: An introduction to social research methods (2nd ed.). Boston, MA: Little, Brown and Co. ISBN: 0-316-943649 [HM48.R47 1982]